Precautions for the use of polyurethane hard bubble insulation decorative integrated board

Polyurethane hard bubble insulation and decorative integrated board (referred to as 'polyurethane integrated board') is a new building material integrating thermal insulation, decoration, waterproofing and other functions, and is widely used in building exterior wall insulation and decoration projects. The following matters should be paid attention to during its use to ensure construction quality and long-term performance:

1. Preparation before construction

Environmental Condition Check

Temperature requirements: The construction ambient temperature should be between 5℃ and 35℃. Heating measures should be taken at low temperatures (<5℃). At high temperatures (>35℃), direct sunlight should be avoided to cure too quickly by the adhesive.

Humidity control: The relative humidity should be ≤80%. Construction is prohibited in rainy, foggy or strong windy weather (wind speed > level 5) to prevent moisture from affecting the bonding strength.

Grassroots processing:

The base walls must be flat, dry, oil-free, and floating ash, with a flatness deviation of ≤4mm/2m (check with a 2-meter ruler).

The concrete base layer needs to be cured for more than 28 days, and the masonry walls need to be plastered and leveled and dried (water content ≤10%).

The loose parts on the old wall need to be removed, cracks are repaired, and interface agent is applied to enhance adhesion.

Material acceptance and storage

Plate inspection: Check whether the specifications, thickness and color of the polyurethane integrated board meet the design requirements, and check whether the board surface is damaged, deformed or color difference.

Accessories: Make sure that the models of accessories such as anchors, bonded mortar, sealant and other accessories match the board to avoid mixing.

Storage conditions: The plates should be stacked horizontally in a dry and ventilated room to avoid direct sunlight and rain. The stacking height is ≤1.5 meters to prevent deformation.

2. Things to note during construction

Typesetting and cutting

Typesetting design: Typesetting according to the building facade size and doors and windows, giving priority to the use of whole boards to reduce splicing seams; closing plans need to be designed in advance in the Yin and Yang corners, daughter walls and other parts.

Cutting requirements: Use special cutting tools (such as electric jig saws) to cut the board. The cut should be flat and burrs free, and clean the debris in time after cutting.

Bonding and anchoring

Binding mortar ratio: mix the bonding mortar strictly according to the instructional ratio, stirring time ≥5 minutes, let stand for 3 minutes and stir again to ensure uniformity and no agglomeration.

Paste method:

Point frame method: apply bonding mortar with a width of 50mm and a thickness of 10mm on the edge of the board, and arrange circular bonding points with a diameter of 100mm in the middle, with a spacing of ≤300mm.

Stick adhesive method: apply bonded mortar strips with a width of 50mm and a thickness of 10mm on the board surface, with a spacing of ≤200mm.

Anchor installation:

Each board needs to be equipped with 2 to 4 anchors (calculated based on the board size and wind pressure), and the anchors are ≥100mm away from the edge of the board.

The anchor should penetrate the base wall ≥30mm, and the tightening torque should be controlled between 0.5~0.7N·m to avoid excessive tightening to cause damage to the plate.

Splicing and sealing

Plate seam treatment:

The width of horizontal and vertical seams should be 3~5mm, and it should be filled with polyurethane foam glue. After filling, the surface should be scraped flat and covered with weather-resistant sealant.

Special angle guard strips or 45° splicing are used at the yin and yang corners to ensure the straight corners.

Sealant construction:

The sealant must be compatible with the board and the base layer, and clean the seam surface before construction to ensure that there is no oil and dust.

Keep it continuous and uniform when applying glue, the glue seams are concave arc-shaped, with a width of ≥10mm and a depth of ≥5mm.

Fireproof isolation belt settings

According to the requirements of the 'Fire Protection Code for Building Design', a 300mm wide fire-proof isolation belt of A-level non-combustible materials (such as rock wool) is set up at each floor slab, and the isolation belt and the polyurethane integrated panel must be seamlessly connected.

The surface of the fire-proof isolation belt needs to be waterproofed to prevent rainwater from seeping in.

3. Maintenance after construction

Finished product protection

Avoid collision, trampling or contaminating the plate surface within 24 hours after the construction is completed, and cover the protective film if necessary.

It is prohibited to directly nail, drill or weld the panel surface to prevent damage to the insulation layer and decorative surface.

Quality acceptance

Adhesion strength detection: Use a pulling tester to detect the bond strength between the plate and the base layer, with a standard value of ≥0.1MPa.

Flatness check: Use a 2-meter ruler and a feeler gauge to check the flatness of the plate surface, with a deviation of ≤3mm/2m.

Airtightness test: Airtightness test is carried out on key parts such as doors and windows to ensure no air leakage.

Long-term maintenance

Cleaning cycle: Clean the board surface every 2 to 3 years, use neutral detergent and soft brushes to avoid scratching with strong acids and alkalis or hard objects.

Sealant inspection: Check the integrity of the sealant on the plate regularly, and repair it in time if it is cracked or fallen off.

Anti-collision protection: Install anti-collision strips or corners in areas that are prone to collisions (such as entrances and corners) to extend the service life of the board.

4. Safety and environmental protection precautions

Construction safety

Construction personnel must wear protective equipment such as safety helmets, safety belts, anti-slip shoes, etc., and scaffolding or hanging baskets are required for high-altitude operations.

Dust is generated when cutting boards, dust masks and goggles are required to be equipped to keep them ventilated on the construction site.

Environmental protection requirements

Discarded bonded mortar, sealant packaging, etc. must be recycled in a classified manner and are prohibited from being discarded at will.

Construction wastewater needs to be discharged after precipitation to avoid pollution of the environment.

5. Frequently Asked Questions and Solutions

Panel hollow

Cause: Improper combination of bonded mortar, uneven coating, or excessive moisture content of the base layer.

Treatment: Remove the hollow area, reapply the bonded mortar and compact it to ensure the base layer is dry.

Cracked on the slit

Cause: Poor quality of sealant, too low construction temperature or unfixed filling of the plate joints.

Treatment: Remove cracked sealant, refille foam glue and glue, and choose low-temperature resistant sealant.

Decorative faded

Cause: Use inferior coatings or long-term UV exposure.

Treatment: Choose fluorocarbon paint or silicone acrylic coating with good weather resistance and apply a protective layer regularly.

Summarize

The use of polyurethane hard bubble insulation decorative integrated boards must strictly follow the principles of 'reasonable design, standardized construction, and in place', focusing on key links such as base layer treatment, bonding and anchoring, plate joint sealing and fireproof isolation. Through scientific construction and regular maintenance, it can fully utilize its advantages of thermal insulation, beautiful decoration and convenient construction, extend the service life of the building and reduce energy consumption costs.