Installation method of polyurethane hard bubble waterproof and insulation integrated board

Polyurethane hard bubble waterproof and insulation integrated board ('integrated integrated board') is a new building material integrating waterproof, insulation, heat insulation, lightweight, high strength and other functions. It is widely used in waterproof and insulation projects in roofs, walls and other parts of industrial and civil buildings. The installation method must be combined with the characteristics of the board, design requirements and construction specifications to ensure waterproof, thermal insulation performance and structural safety. The following are the detailed installation steps and key points:

1. Preparation before construction

1. Material inspection

Plate acceptance: Check whether the specifications (thickness, length, width), appearance (no cracks, deformation, bubbles), performance (density, thermal conductivity, waterproofing grade) of the integrated board meet the design requirements, and attach a quality certificate.

Accessories preparation: prepare special adhesives (such as polyurethane adhesives, cement-based adhesives), anchors (such as plastic expansion bolts, stainless steel anchors), sealants (such as silicone sealants), waterproof coils (such as self-adhesive polymer waterproof coils, used for special parts reinforcement), textured paper, strips, etc.

2. Grassroots processing

Roof base:

Clean the floating ash, oil stains and loose materials on the surface of the base layer to ensure solid, flat and dry (water content ≤8%).

Use 1:3 cement mortar to level the uneven areas, and the slope meets the design requirements (such as roof drainage slope ≥2%).

The yin and yang corners, pipe roots, daughter walls and other nodes are treated with arc (radius ≥50mm), and additional waterproof layer is applied (such as applying 2mm thick polyurethane waterproof coating).

Wall base:

Remove hollow and fallen plastering layers on the wall, repair cracks, and ensure that the verticality deviation is ≤4mm/2m.

Apply interface agent to base layers with high water absorption (such as aerated concrete blocks) to enhance adhesion.

3. Tool preparation

Electric mixer, serrated spatula, rubber hammer, leveling ruler, tape measure, ink bucket, cutting machine, electric drill, spray gun (used for sealant construction), etc.

2. Installation steps

1. Spread the line and divide the grid

According to the design layout diagram, horizontal control lines, vertical control lines and plate grid lines are popped up on the base layer to ensure that the plates are arranged neatly and symmetrically, and avoid narrow strips less than 1/3 of the width of the plate.

For parts with large or complex roof slopes (such as gutters and cornices), the anchor position needs to be laid in advance and marked.

2. Paste the integrated board

Preparation of binder: Mix the main agent and curing agent according to the product instructions, stir thoroughly with an electric stirrer until it is uniform and free of particles, let it stand for 5 minutes, stir again and then use.

Apply adhesive:

Point frame method: Apply adhesive 50mm wide and 10mm thick around the back of the board, and arrange bond points with a diameter of 100mm and 10mm thick in the middle in the shape of a plum blossom. The spacing is ≤300mm to ensure that the bonding area is ≥40%.

Stick adhesive method: Apply several adhesives with a width of 50mm and a thickness of 10mm on the back of the board, with a spacing of ≤300mm, which is suitable for base layers with better flatness.

Paste the board:

Press the adhesive-applied sheet to the base layer and tap gently with a rubber hammer to adjust the flatness to ensure alignment with the control line.

When installing the roof, the plates should be laid from bottom to top in the slope direction, with the upper and lower overlap length ≥100mm; when installing the wall, the plates should be arranged from bottom to top and horizontally with the staggered joint width ≥1/3 of the plate length.

The width of the gap between adjacent plates is ≤5mm, and it is filled with special pressing strips or sealant.

3. Anchor fixing

Anchor arrangement:

Roof: Anchoring parts are set up in the four corners and middle of each board, with a spacing of ≤600mm; in areas with high wind loads or high-rise buildings, the number of anchors needs to be increased.

Wall: The spacing between anchors is ≤500mm, and the distance from the edge of the plate is ≥50mm to avoid damage to the edge of the plate.

Install the anchor:

Use an electric drill to drill holes on the plate and base layer, the hole diameter is 2mm larger than the diameter of the anchor and the depth is ≥50mm.

Insert the anchor and tighten it to ensure that the expansion part is fully unfolded and the anchoring force is ≥0.6kN.

4. Node processing

Roof node:

Daughter's wall: Flip the board to the top of the daughter's wall and fix it with metal strips. The spacing between the strips is ≤300mm, and sealant is applied between the strips and the sheets.

Gutter and eaves: The plate extends into the gutter, and the ends are sealed with sealant; drip lines are made at the eaves (depth ≥10mm).

Roofing pipe: The root of the pipe is wrapped in waterproof coils into a conical table with a height of ≥250mm, and the upper part is fixed with a metal hoop.

Wall nodes:

Door and window openings: Leave a 5-10mm gap between the board and the door and window frames, and fill it with elastic sealant; add waterproof additional layers around the opening (width ≥250mm).

Deformation joint: The joint is filled with polyethylene foam rods, the upper part is covered with stainless steel cover plate, and sealant is applied between the cover plate and the board.

5. Sealing and waterproofing treatment

Seam sealing: Use a spray gun to fill the sealing glue evenly into the seam of the plate to form a continuous sealing layer, scrape the surface flat and remove excess colloid.

Overall waterproof:

Roof: Paint a waterproof coating (such as polyurethane waterproof coating) on the surface of the board, with a thickness of ≥1.5mm to form a waterproof protective layer.

Wall: Apply 5-10mm thick crack-resistant mortar to the outer surface of the board, press into alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth to enhance crack-resistant performance.

3. Construction precautions

1. Environmental conditions

The construction temperature should be 5-35℃, the wind force is ≤5, and construction is prohibited when rainy, snowy or the base layer is wet.

During roof construction, temporary drainage measures should be set up to avoid water accumulation and soaking uncured boards.

2. Safety protection

When working at high altitudes, construction workers need to wear safety belts, safety helmets, and scaffolding or hanging baskets must be stable and reliable.

Dust is generated when cutting boards, and dust masks and goggles are required.

3. Quality inspection

Adhesion strength: Randomly check the bond between the plate and the base layer, and use a small hammer to lightly tap without hollowing.

Flatness: Check with a 2m ruler, the surface flatness deviation is ≤3mm.

Waterproof performance: Roof water storage test for 24 hours, wall water spray test for 2 hours, and pass the qualification without leakage.

4. Maintenance and maintenance

Regularly check whether the surface of the board is damaged or cracked, and repair the sealant or waterproof layer in time.

Avoid sharp objects scratching the surface of the board, and it is prohibited to stack heavy objects or walk vehicles on the roof.

A comprehensive inspection is conducted every 5 years, focusing on the fixation of node parts and anchor parts.

Summary: The installation of polyurethane hard bubble waterproof and insulation integrated boards must strictly follow the process of 'base layer processing → elastic wire partition → paste board → anchoring and fixing → node sealing → overall waterproofing'. Combining environmental conditions and safety specifications, waterproofing, insulation performance and structural durability are ensured through refined construction. Correctly installed integrated panels can significantly reduce building energy consumption and extend service life, and are an important choice for green buildings.